Mastering verb forms is essential for building a strong English vocabulary. Verbs change based on tense , affecting sentence structure and meaning. Learning their different forms—base, past, and past participle—helps improve communication and writing skills. In this blog post, you will find a complete A-to-Z list of verb forms to expand your vocabulary and use verbs correctly in different contexts.
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Base form Simple past Past participle acquire acquired acquired abate abated abated act acted acted afford afforded afforded answer answered answered address addressed addressed admire admired admired allow allowed allowed absorb absorbed absorbed accompany accompanied accompanied appear appeared appeared apply applied applied argue argued argued arrest arrested arrested assort assorted assorted attack attacked attacked attract attracted attracted advise advised advised abash abashed abashed announce announced announced abide abode abode applaud applauded applauded accept accepted accepted approach approached approached ache ached ached achieve achieved achieved approve approved approved alight alit alit add added added arise arose arisen adjust adjusted adjusted arrange arranged arranged admit admitted admitted accept accepted accepted adjust adjusted adjusted attend attended attended admit admitted admitted audit audited audited avoid avoided avoided agree agreed agreed attend attended attended arise arose arisen animate animated animated ask asked asked assert asserted asserted apologize apologized apologized
Base form Simple past Past participle become became become banish banished banished behave behaved behaved believe believed believed beseech besought besought bash bashed bashed betray betrayed betrayed bind bound bound boast boasted boasted be (am,are) was / were been bend bent bent bleed bled bled bless blessed blessed blow blew blown blush blushed blushed bow bowed bowed bid bid bid burn burnt burnt bite bit bitten bray brayed brayed break broke broken blossom blossomed blossomed bring brought brought blur blurred blurred brush brushed brushed board boarded boarded bury buried buried boil boiled boiled buy bought bought box boxed boxed beg begged begged bat batted batted breathe breathed breathed bear bore born broadcast broadcast broadcast beat beat beaten beautify beautified beautified breed bred bred befall befell befallen broadcast broadcast broadcast begin began begun build built built behold beheld beheld bust bust bust belong belonged belonged burst burst burst bereave bereft bereft buzz buzzed buzzed bet bet bet bid bade bidden
Base form Simple past Past participle course coursed coursed cover covered covered call called called cash cashed cashed catch caught caught calculate calculated calculated challenge challenged challenged caress caressed caressed cease ceased ceased charge charged charged chat chatted chatted canvass canvassed canvassed capture captured captured chew chewed chewed choke choked choked classify classified classified click clicked clicked cling clung clung create created created creep crept crept clutch clutched clutched collect collected collected conduct conducted conducted confess confessed confessed connect connected connected connote connoted connoted compare compared compared carry carried carried carve carved carved confuse confused confused cast cast cast consecrate consecrated consecrated cause caused caused consent consented consented celebrate celebrated celebrated conserve conserved conserved change changed changed conquer conquered conquered chase chased chased congratulate congratulated congratulated check checked checked cheer cheered cheered confiscate confiscated confiscated chide chid chid/chidden chip chipped chipped confine confined confined crash crashed crashed crave craved craved choose chose chosen conclude concluded concluded crackle crackled crackled clean cleaned cleaned cleave clove/cleft cloven/cleft complain complained complained climb climbed climbed complete completed completed close closed closed clothe clad clad compete competed competed collapse collapsed collapsed compel compelled compelled colour coloured coloured come came come comment commented commented consider considered considered consist consisted consisted consort consorted consorted consort consorted consorted constitute constituted constituted construct constructed constructed consult consulted consulted contemn contemned contemned contest contested contested contract contracted contracted contrast contrasted contrasted contrive contrived contrived convene convened convened converse conversed conversed convey conveyed conveyed convince convinced convinced cook cooked cooked correspond corresponded corresponded corrode corroded corroded corrupt corrupted corrupted correspond corresponded corresponded cower cowered cowered crack cracked cracked crib cribbed cribbed cross crossed crossed crowd crowded crowded consign consigned consigned cool cooled cooled console consoled consoled cycle cycled cycled conspire conspired conspired cut cut cut constrain constrained constrained co-operate co-operated co-operated construe construed construed cope coped cope contain contained contained cure cured cured contend contended contended curb curbed curbed continue continued continued cost cost cost contradict contradicted contradicted cry cried cried contribute contributed contributed crush crushed crushed control controlled controlled correct corrected corrected converge converged converged copy copied copied convert converted converted curve curved curved convict convicted convicted cough coughed coughed counsel counselled counselled count counted counted
Base form Simple past Past participle decorate decorated decorated decrease decreased decreased damage damaged damaged dwell dwelt dwelt dye dyed dyed dance danced danced dare dared dared dash dashed dashed diminish diminished diminished dine dined dined dispose disposed disposed depend depended depended deprive deprived deprived discover discovered discovered discuss discussed discussed delay delayed delayed delete deleted deleted dry dried dried dump dumped dumped derive derived derived describe described described distribute distributed distributed disturb disturbed disturbed drill drilled drilled drink drank drunk dream dreamt dreamt dress dressed dressed dive dived dived damp damped damped drive drove driven drop dropped dropped direct directed directed dazzle dazzled dazzled deal dealt dealt decay decayed decayed decide decided decided declare declared declared download downloaded downloaded drag dragged dragged dedicate dedicated dedicated determine determined determined develop developed developed deny denied denied disuse disused disused differ differed differed dig dug dug desire desired desired destroy destroyed destroyed detach detached detached detect detected detected disobey disobeyed disobeyed display displayed displayed die died died divide divided divided
Base form Simple past Past participle educate educated educated enlarge enlarged enlarged endure endured endured exchange exchanged exchanged enjoy enjoyed enjoyed endanger endangered endangered eat ate eaten envy envied envied exclude excluded excluded escape escaped escaped empty emptied emptied encircle encircled encircled encourage encouraged encouraged express expressed expressed encroach encroached encroached exclaim exclaimed exclaimed expect expected expected enlighten enlightened enlightened expect expected expected explore explored explored erase erased erased extend extended extended eye eyed eyed empower empowered empowered engrave engraved engraved enjoy enjoyed enjoyed explain explained explained evaporate evaporated evaporated enter entered entered exist existed existed expand expanded expanded endorse endorsed endorsed
Base form Simple past Past participle finish finished finished feed fed fed fed fed fed feel felt felt fax faxed faxed fix fixed fixed fizz fizzed fizzed fail failed failed forbid forbade forbidden force forced forced flash flashed flashed fly flew flown follow followed followed ferry ferried ferried foretell foretold foretold fling flung flung fill filled filled favour favoured favoured finish finished finished fancy fancied fancied faint fainted fainted fall fell fallen fan fanned fanned flap flapped flapped find found found fetch fetched fetched fight fought fought forget forgot forgotten freeze froze frozen frighten frightened frightened float floated floated found founded founded free freed freed fish fished fished flop flopped flopped forgive forgave forgiven flee fled fled forlese forlore forlorn fold folded folded fry fried fried fulfil fulfilled fulfilled forsake forsook forsaken form formed formed found founded founded frame framed framed
Base form Simple past Past participle get got got govern governed governed grab grabbed grabbed guess guessed guessed greet greeted greeted guard guarded guarded gash gashed gashed gain gained gained gainsay gainsaid gainsaid grip gripped gripped give gave given glance glanced glanced grow grew grown glitter glittered glittered glow glowed glowed grind ground ground guide guided guided gaze gazed gazed grade graded graded grant granted granted go went gone google googled googled
Base form Simple past Past participle hiss hissed hissed hit hit hit hustle hustled hustled hypnotize hypnotized hypnotized heal healed healed hear heard heard horrify horrified horrified hug hugged hugged hurl hurled hurled hurry hurried hurried happen happened happened harm harmed harmed hew hewed hewn hang hung hung hate hated hated have had had hop hopped hopped hope hoped hoped humiliate humiliated humiliated hunt hunted hunted hurt hurt hurt hush hushed hushed heave hove hove help helped helped hatch hatched hatched hide hid hidden hinder hindered hindered hoax hoaxed hoaxed hold held held hum hummed hummed
Base form Simple past Past participle imagine imagined imagined imbibe imbibed imbibed impair impaired impaired impend impended impended imperil imperilled imperilled incise incised incised include included included ignore ignored ignored idealized idealized idealizes implant implanted implanted implicate implicated implicated indulge indulged indulged identify identified identified idolize idolized idolized implore implored implored imply implied implied imitate imitated imitated immerse immersed immersed ignite ignited ignited ill-treat ill-treated ill-treated impress impressed impressed imprint imprinted imprinted impeach impeached impeached infest infested infested inflame inflamed inflamed infringe infringed infringed infuse infused infused injure injured injured inlay inlaid inlaid inspect inspected inspected inspire inspired inspired inculcate inculcated inculcated indent indented indented illustrate illustrated illustrated inhale inhaled inhaled inherit inherited inherited inquire inquired inquired inscribe inscribed inscribed insure insured insured integrate integrated integrated install installed installed insult insulted insulted inflect inflected inflected inform informed informed indicate indicated indicated induce induced induced ingest ingested ingested inhabit inhabited inhabited introduce introduced introduced invent invented invented illuminate illuminated illuminated illumine illumined illumined invite invited invited immolate immolated immolated immure immured immured impede impeded impeded impel impelled impelled innovate innovated innovated input input input impart imparted imparted import imported imported impose imposed imposed initiate initiated initiated inject injected injected imprison imprisoned imprisoned improve improved improved inaugurate inaugurated inaugurated increase increased increased impinge impinged impinged inflate inflated inflated infect infected infected implode imploded imploded insert inserted inserted
Base form Simple past Past participle Jack Jacked Jacked Jump Jumped Jumped Judge Judge Judged Juice Juiced Juiced Join Joined Joined Jib Jibbed Jibbed Jam Jammed Jammed Jag Jagged Jagged Jumble Jumbled Jumbled Jest Jested Jested Jabber Jabbered Jabbered Jockey Jockeyed Jockeyed Jest Jested Jested Joint Jointed Jointed
Base form Simple past Past participle knit knitted knitted kick kicked kicked keel keeled keeled kneel knelt kneeled knead kneaded kneaded kill killed killed knot knotted knotted knuck knuckled knuckled kiss kissed kissed knock knocked knocked key keyed keyed kidnap kidnapped kidnapped kindle kindled kindled keep kept kept know knew Known
Base form Simple past Past participle Lath Lathed Lathed Lead Led Led Latch Latched Latched Laugh Laughed Laughed Label Labelled Labelled Lash Lashed Lashed Lap Lapped Lapped Land Landed Landed Lag Lagged Lagged Launch Launched Launched Lay Laid Laid Lamb Lambed Lambed Lace Laced Laced Last Lasted Lasted Lard Larded Larded
Base form Simple past Past participle Malt Malted Malted Mean Meant Meant Manage Managed Managed Mediatize Mediatized Mediatized Mangle Mangled Mangled Massacre Massacred Massacred Mark Marked Marked Mature Matured Matured Mask Masked Masked Mantle Mantled Mantled Marinate Marinated Marinated Master Mastered Mastered Meddle Meddled Meddled Make Made Made
Base form Simple past Past participle narrow narrowed narrowed nab nabbed nabbed nod nodded nodded neglect neglected neglected need needed needed nail nailed nailed nose nosed nosed neigh neighed neighed nag nagged nagged nitrify nitrified nitrified nest nested nested nip nipped nipped nestle nestled nestled name named named narrate narrated narrated
Base form Simple past Past participle obey obeyed obeyed obtain obtained obtained ogle ogled ogled observe observed observed open opened opened order ordered ordered owe owed owed occur occurred occurred oblige obliged obliged objectify objectified objectified offend offended offended object objected objected operate operated operated officiate officiated officiated oil oiled oiled
Base form Simple past Past participle participate participated participated pause paused paused pay paid paid please pleased pleased plod plodded plodded point pointed pointed push pushed pushed put put put phone phoned phoned place placed placed pardon pardoned pardoned perish perished perished permit permitted permitted ponder pondered pondered pour poured poured pat patted patted prefer preferred preferred prepare prepared prepared pluck plucked plucked punish punished punished purify purified purified promise promised promised propose proposed proposed praise praised praised pray prayed prayed preset preset preset preside presided presided print printed printed proceed proceeded proceeded present presented presented provide provided provided pull pulled pulled pretend pretended pretended protect protected protected prove proved proved polish polished polished pollute polluted polluted pout pouted pouted practise practised practised prescribe prescribed prescribed plot plotted plotted preach preached preached ply plied plied preserve preserved preserved paint painted painted press pressed pressed part parted parted partake partook partaken prevent prevented prevented pass passed passed paste pasted pasted prohibit prohibited prohibited patch patched patched produce produced produced progress progressed progressed peep peeped peeped prosecute prosecuted prosecuted persuade persuaded persuaded plan planned planned play played played plead pled pled
Base Form Simple Past Past Participle quit quit quit quiver quivered quivered quack quacked quacked quadruple quadrupled quadrupled quilt quilted quilted quarter quartered quartered quaver quavered quavered question questioned questioned quintuple quintupled quintupled quell quelled quelled qualify qualified qualified quibble quibbled quibbled quench quenched quenched quicken quickened quickened quote quoted quoted
Base form Simple past Past participle rebuild rebuilt rebuilt recall recalled recalled reduce reduced reduced refuse refused refused regard regarded regarded return returned returned reuse reused reused run ran run rush rushed rushed rain rained rained rattle rattled rattled remake remade remade remove removed removed rub rubbed rubbed rule ruled ruled relate related related relax relaxed relaxed repeat repeated repeated replace replaced replaced resemble resembled resembled reset reset reset restrain restrained restrained retain retained retained resolve resolved resolved respect respected respected rewind rewound rewound rid rid rid report reported reported request requested requested resell resold resold roll rolled rolled rot rotted rotted rise rose risen ride rode ridden ring rang rung reach reached reached read read read realize realized realized reply replied replied resist resisted resisted recast recast recast receive received received recite recited recited retch retched retched retire retired retired recur recurred recurred redo redid redone refer referred referred reflect reflected reflected rest rested rested review reviewed reviewed regret regretted regretted rely relied relied remain remained remained roar roared roared rob robbed robbed rend rent rent renew renewed renewed renounce renounced renounced repair repaired repaired
Base form Simple past Past participle sally sallied sallied salute saluted saluted sanction sanctioned sanctioned sap sapped sapped sash sashed sashed sashay sashayed sashayed satisfy satisfied satisfied saturate saturated saturated savor savored savored savvy savvied savvied swing swung swung swot swotted swotted slide slid slid/slide slim slimmed slimmed sweat sweat sweat sweep swept swept swell swelled swollen swim swam swum shoe shod shod shoot shot shot strike struck struck/stricken string strung strung strive strove striven sweat sweat sweat sweep swept swept scold scolded scolded scorch scorched scorched sew sewed sewn shake shook shaken shut shut shut sight sighted sighted salve salved salved sample sampled sampled scant scanted scanted scar scarred scarred seem seemed seemed seize seized seized spray sprayed sprayed spread spread spread scale scaled scaled scam scammed scammed sway swayed swayed swear swore sworn scare scared scared scarify scarified scarified seat seated seated secure secured secured solicit solicited solicited solve solved solved snatch snatched snatched sneak sneaked sneaked shorten shortened shortened shout shouted shouted saw sawed sawn say said said sacrifice sacrificed sacrificed saunter sauntered sauntered save saved saved sag sagged sagged sail sailed sailed surround surrounded surrounded survey surveyed surveyed salvage salvaged salvaged salve salved salved sample sampled sampled sanctify sanctified sanctified sadden saddened saddened saddle saddled saddled saponify saponified saponified sabotage sabotaged sabotaged sack sacked sacked sass sassed sassed sate sated sated satiate satiated satiated satirise satirised satirised sell sold sold send sent sent shun shunned shunned survive survived survived sing sang sung sink sank sunk ski skied skied skid skidded skidded slit slit slit smash smashed smashed smite smote smitten smooth smoothed smoothed sort sorted sorted sow sowed sowed speed sped sped spell spelt spelt shirk shirked shirked shit shit shit shave shove shaven shear shore shorn stress stressed stressed stretch stretched stretched spin span/spun spun sneeze sneezed sneezed sniff sniffed sniffed spring sprang sprung sprout sprouted sprouted stare stared stared start started started steep steeped steeped stem stemmed stemmed sting stung stung stink stank stunk scab scabbed scabbed scabble scabbled scabbled scald scalded scalded supply supplied supplied support supported supported scan scanned scanned scarp scarped scarped scat scatted scatted scatter scattered scattered scowl scowled scowled scrawl scrawled scrawled scream screamed screamed screw screwed screwed scrub scrubbed scrubbed search searched searched state stated stated stand stood stood see saw seen seek sought sought step stepped stepped sterilize sterilized sterilized select selected selected sell sold sold send sent sent sentence sentenced sentenced separate separated separated set set set sever severed severed stay stayed stayed steal stole stolen shape shaped shaped share shared shared shatter shattered shattered stick stuck stuck stimulate stimulated stimulated shed shed shed shine shone shone stir stirred stirred stitch stitched stitched shiver shivered shivered shock shocked shocked strew strewed strewn stride strode stridden succeed succeeded succeeded suck sucked sucked show showed shown shrink shrank shrunk subscribe subscribed subscribed subtract subtracted subtracted swallow swallowed swallowed signal signalled signalled signify signified signified suppose supposed supposed surge surged surged sip sipped sipped sit sat sat stoop stooped stooped stop stopped stopped slam slammed slammed slay slew slain sleep slept slept surmise surmised surmised surpass surpassed surpassed sling slung slung slink slunk slunk slip slipped slipped study studied studied submit submitted submitted smell smelt smelt smile smiled smiled suffer suffered suffered suggest suggested suggested smother smothered smothered snap snapped snapped strain strained strained stray strayed strayed summon summoned summoned store stored stored soar soared soared sob sobbed sobbed soothe soothed soothed sparkle sparkled sparkled speak spoke spoken spend spent spent spill spilt spilt spit spat/spit spat/spit split split split spoil spoilt spoilt squeeze squeezed squeezed
Base form Simple past Past participle turn turned turned type typed typed tee teed teed tell told told thank thanked thanked think thought thought throw threw thrown thrust thrust thrust terminate terminated terminated taste tasted tasted tax taxed taxed touch touched touched train trained trained trust trusted trusted try tried tried thrust thrust thrust thump thumped thumped transfer transferred transferred transform transformed transformed travel travelled travelled tread trod trodden tree treed treed tremble trembled trembled tie tied tied tire tired tired talk talked talked tap tapped tapped triumph triumphed triumphed toss tossed tossed teach taught taught tear tore torn treasure treasured treasured treat treated treated tempt tempted tempted tend tended tended trample trampled trampled terrify terrified terrified test tested tested translate translated translated trap trapped trapped thrive throve thriven throw threw thrown
Base form Simple past Past participle uncurl uncurled uncurled use used used usurp usurped usurped urge urged urged unbar unbarred unbarred utilize utilized utilized unbox unboxed unboxed ulcerate ulcerated ulcerated uncouple uncoupled uncoupled utter uttered uttered uproot uprooted uprooted uncover uncovered uncovered uncork uncorked uncorked upset upset upset unbolt unbolted unbolted
Base form Simple past Past participle vaccinate vaccinated vaccinated verify verified verified vacate vacated vacated visit visited visited violate violated violated vamp vamped vamped vary varied varied validate validated validated vibrate vibrated vibrated visualize visualized visualized value valued valued vault vaulted vaulted varnish varnished varnished
Base form Simple past Past participle watch watched watched want wanted wanted wash washed washed wait waited waited wade waded waded wag wagged wagged warble warbled warbled walk walked walked wall walled walled waste wasted wasted wane waned waned weave wove woven wake waked woken waste wasted wasted wear wore worn
Base form Simple past Past participle yawn yawned yawned yellow yellowed yellowed yelp yelped yelped yank yanked yanked
Base form Simple past Past participle Zip Zipped Zipped Zone Zoned Zoned Zigzag Zigzagged Zigzagged Zest Zested Zested
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