Understanding weather, climate, and related vocabulary is essential for learners aiming to improve their English in academic and real-life contexts. This word list includes key terms such as temperature, humidity, forecast, and precipitation—frequently used in news, science, and geography. By learning the meanings and correct usage of these words, students can describe different weather conditions, seasonal changes, and global climate patterns clearly. These terms also support reading comprehension and speaking fluency in everyday communication and environmental studies.
Weather and Climate Vocabulary
- hot
- sunny
- cold
- cloudy
- dry
- rainy
- wet
- snowy
- windy
- clear
- calm
- foggy
- stormy
- humid
The study of weather is known as ’meteorology‘.
People who study day-to-day weather and provide us a forecast are called Meteorologists.
The apparatus that measures the temperature of a place is called a thermometer.
The apparatus that measures rainfall is called a rain gauge. Rain is measured in millimeters.
The apparatus that measures wind is called an anemometer. The wind is measured in miles (m) and kilometers (km) per hour.
Climate
Climate is the average weather condition of an area over a long period of time. There are various factors that affect the climate of a place, like sunshine, rainfall, moisture, wind, water, altitude, and atmospheric pressure, etc.
The climate of a place can be:
- polar
- temperate
- tropical
- moderate
- continental
The study of climate is known as climatology.
Seasons
There are four seasons in a year:
- Summer- hot seasons
- Autumn – leaves shed
- Winter – cold seasons
- Spring – flowers bloom and leaves grow back
These are some more words that are associated with the weather:
- typhoon
- earthquake
- storm
- thunderstorm
- twister landslide
- sandstorm
- sinkhole
- blizzard
- windstorm
- wildfire
- tsunami
- tropical
- storm
- haze
- tornado
- smog
- drizzle
- monsoon
- dew
- rainbow
- meteor
- shower
- air pressure
- global
- warming
- ozone
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